In a Delta system, what mathematical relationship exists between line current and phase current?

In a Delta system, the relationship between line current and phase current is defined by the fact that each phase is connected directly across the supply lines, creating a specific ratio between the currents.

The line current (Il) in a Delta connection is equal to the phase current (Iph) multiplied by the square root of three. This stems from the geometry of the vector representations of the currents in a three-phase system. Each line current is related to the phase currents through the following formula: Il = Iph * sqrt(3). This relationship arises because each line current carries the sum of the currents in two of the three phases, resulting in a scaling factor of sqrt(3).

Understanding this relationship is crucial for analyzing power distribution in delta configurations, as it directly informs calculations regarding system loading, transformer windings, and circuit protection.

Other choices suggest incorrect relationships that do not reflect the nature of Delta connections, such as direct equality or erroneous multipliers, which would not accurately describe the behavior of currents in such systems.