How is frequency defined in the context of AC circuits?

In the context of AC circuits, frequency is defined as the number of AC cycles that occur per second. This is a critical aspect of alternating current, which varies in magnitude and direction over time. Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz), where one hertz corresponds to one complete cycle per second.

Understanding frequency is essential for various applications in electrical engineering and technology, as it affects the performance and behavior of electrical circuits. For instance, different devices are designed to operate optimally at certain frequencies.

The other choices do not accurately define frequency in this context. Describing frequency as cycles per minute does not align with the standard unit of measurement, which is based on seconds. Identifying frequency with maximum voltage or the ratio of voltage to current, respectively, misrepresents the concept, as those pertain to different electrical properties and calculations, rather than the cyclical nature of AC. Thus, the definition that aligns with the standard understanding in electrical engineering is that frequency is the number of AC cycles occurring per second.