How are noise surges rectified in an AC circuit using a Solid State Relay?

In an AC circuit, noise surges can create disturbances that impact the performance and reliability of the system. One effective way to address surges is to use a varistor in parallel with the load. A varistor, or voltage-dependent resistor, is designed to respond to high-voltage conditions by changing its resistance. Under normal operating conditions, it exhibits high resistance, allowing normal current flow without interference. However, during a voltage surge, the varistor's resistance decreases significantly, effectively shunting the excess voltage away from the load.

This ability to clamp the voltage helps protect sensitive electronic components from damage due to surges. By absorbing the excess voltage, the varistor ensures that the voltage across the main load remains within a safe operating range, thereby minimizing the risk of disruption or failure. This method is particularly beneficial in environments where electrical noise and transients are common.

In contrast, while inductors can filter out certain frequency components, they do not specifically rectify noise surges and might not provide the rapid response needed for transient voltage conditions. Current transformers are primarily used for measuring current, not directly for surge suppression. Increasing the SSR's voltage rating does not directly address the surge issue; it merely allows the device to handle higher voltages without damage, but