Describing the relationship between current and voltage on transformer windings, they are?

The relationship between current and voltage in transformer windings is characterized by being inverse to each other. This means that as voltage increases, current decreases, and vice versa, while maintaining the same power level in an ideal transformer. This relationship is derived from the principles of electromagnetic induction and conservation of energy.

In transformers, when voltage is stepped up (increased), the current is stepped down (decreased) in order to conserve power across the primary and secondary windings, according to the formula P = V × I, where P is the power, V is the voltage, and I is the current. For an ideal transformer, this transference is efficient, indicating that the power in the primary winding equals the power in the secondary winding (P1 = P2).

This inverse relationship is essential for understanding how transformers operate effectively to transfer energy. The windings' ratios impact how the input and output voltage and current behave, confirming this inverse dynamic. Thus, the correct understanding of the relationship U = I x R, as modified through the transformer’s turns ratio, reveals that changes in voltage lead to opposite changes in current, highlighting the inverse nature of their relationship.